Applied embedded systems (APEMBSYS)

The research group is focused on the design, implementation and testing of various embedded systems based on reconfigurable digital circuits (FPGA), microcontrollers, graphic processors (GPU) and embedded neural accelerators.

Implementation of algorithms for detecting objects based on drone and satellite aerial imagery through convolutional neural networks.

Implementation of softcomputing algorithms, convolutional neural networks, control and decision algorithms based on fuzzy logic, respectively the study of training algorithms.

Study and design of Frameworks for the implementation and training of convolutional neural networks.

The main research topics include:

Actual research topics

- Aerial image based object detection and classification

- Implementation of artificial neural networks on FPGA-based systems (CMAC, RBF, Kohonen, Spiking neural networks, Convolutional neural networks, fuzzy control and inference, time delayed neural networks), graphic processors (GPU) and embedded neural network accelerators.

-Mobile robot control applications implemented in embedded systems based on FPGAs

- Intelligent control, localization and orientation processing of UAV systems implemented on embedded hardware.

- Study of runtime partial reconfiguration techniques of Xilinx FPGA circuits.

- Application of high-level synthesis techniques to implement algorithms in reconfigurable digital circuits.

-  Adaptation of Linux based operating systems for embedded MCU modules

- virtualization technologies (Docker) for running neural networks.

Previous research topics aborded by research group

Designing embedded neuro-processors applied in preprocessed biological signals classification

- Design of embedded electronic systems with applications in the orientation of visually impaired people

- Design and development of automated control systems with embedded microcontrollers and processor based microsystems (SiP).

- Design and development of wireless Microsystems with inter-protocols translation functions (WiFi, Bluetooth, LPRF)

Research fellows

• Dr. Brassai Sándor-Tihamér - Head of the research group

Active members:

• Dr. Bakó László
• Dr. Székely Iuliu
• Dr. Hajdú Szabolcs, 2013 - 
• Dr. Csernáth Géza
• Hammas Attila, septembrie 2019-
• drd. Gábor Szabolcs László, septembrie 2016–2021

Past members: 

• Dr. Turos László-Zsolt, Departamentul de Inginerie Electrică, 2021- februarie -2022 noiembrie
• Székely István Zsolt, 2018 septembrie – septembrie 2021
• Bustya Balázs, Calculatoare, 2019 septembrie- iulie 2021
• Kovács Attila, Sisteme de control inteligente, 2019 septembrie – decembrie 2021
• Czira Bence, Sisteme de control inteligente, 2021 februarie- 2022 iulie
• Varga Rajmond, Automatică și informatică aplicată, Anul IV, din iunie 2021-iulie 2022
• Sándor Mátyás, Automatică și informatică aplicată, Anul IV, din iunie 2021-iulie 2022
• Lukács Botond, Calculatoare, anul IV, din septembrie 2021- iulie 2022
• Tămas Tibor, Sisteme de control inteligente, 2013 - 2016
• Hegedűs Zsolt, Calculatoare, 2015 mártie- 2016 august
• Bardocz Csaba, Automatică și informatică aplicată, 2016 septembrie –2018 septembrie
• Szántó Norbert, Automatică și informatică aplicată, 2022 septembrie
• Bajka Adorján, Automatică și informatică aplicată, 2022 septembrie -2024 septembrie
• Bárdi Olivér, Automatică și informatică aplicată, 2022 septembrie -2024 septembrie
• Ambarus Róbert Béla, Informatică, 2023 septembrie -
• Nagy Dezső, Calculatoare, Informatică, 2023 septembrie -
• Papp Benjámin, Informatică, 2025 septembrie -
• Kántor Csongor Szilárd, Calculatoare, 2025 septembrie -

Partner institutions

• National University of Public Service
• Budapest University of Technology and Economics - BME, Department of Control Engineering and Information Technology, Budapest, Hungary,  www.iit.bme.hu 
• University of Miskolc, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Informatics, Institute of Automation and Infocommunication, Digital and Embedded Systems Research Group.
• Bio-Inspired Electronics and Reconfigurable Computing (BIRC) Research Group, National University Ireland Galway, University road, Galway, Ireland, Fearghal MORGAN, http://www.nuigalway.ie/our-research/people/engineering-and-informatics/fearghalmorgan/ 
• University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary, Faculty of Information Technology 
• Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Computer Science Department, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Dr. NEDEVSCHI Sergiu, www.cs.utcluj.ro   
• Petru Maior University, Tirgu Mureș, Romania, Dr. ENĂCHESCU Călin, www.upm.ro
• Transilvania University of Brasov, Electronics and Computers Department, Brasov, Romania, Dr. ROMANCA Mihai, www.etc.unitbv.ro 

Financed scientific projects

1. Varga Rajmon, (tutor Brassai Sándor Tihamér), Időfüggő neurális hálózatok tanulmányozása, nemlineáris rendszerek modellezésére és irányítására való alkalmazása,  Balassi Bálint – Ösztöndíjprogram Klebelsberg Kuno Tehetséggondozó, Ösztöndíj, 2021-2022
2. Bustya Balázs, Hammas Attila, tutor: Brassai Sándor Tihamér, Framework for implementing Artificial Neural Networks for FPGA, Accenture Student Research Scholarship 2020
3. Kovács Attila, tutor: Brassai Tihamér, Neural Network Based Control of Humanoid Robot, Accenture Student Research Scholarship 2019
4. Székely István Zolt, tutor: Brassai Sándor Tihamér, Accenture Student Research Scholarship 2018
5. Brassai Sándor Tihamér, Bakó László, Hajdú Szabolcs, Tămas Tibor, Hegedűs Zsolt, Real time orientation determination of unmanned aerial vehicle implemented in reconfigurable hardware with utilization in path tracking application, Institute of Research Programmes of the Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, 2015 march -2016 september.
6. Bakó László, 2014-2015 Postdoctoral researcher at Petru Maior University of Tîrgu-Mureş in the project POSDRU/159/1.5/S/133652

• Research mobility, Host institution: Bio-Inspired and Reconfigurable Computing research group, Electrical & Electronic Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland, External stage coordinator: Dr. Fearghal Morgan B.Sc., Ph.D., Stage period: 30th of March-26th of April 2015.

7. Bakó László, Domus senior researcher mobility scholarship at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Control Engineering and Information Technology, funded by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, for six weeks in 2014
8. Brassai Sándor Tihamér, Hajdú Szabolcs, Tămas Tibor, Hardware Implementation of Artificial Neural Networks with High Level Synthesis Techniques, Project manager – dr. Brassai Sándor Tihamér, Institute of Research Programmes of the Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, 2014.
9. Brassai Sándor Tihamér, Tămas Tibor, Project: Future Internet Technologies, Sub project: Development and application of a design method for pipeline multiprocessor systems with a task-dependant architecture in embedded high-speed target systems, TÁMOP-4.2.2.C-11/1/KONV-2012-0004, National Coordinating Center for Infocommunication, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
10. Bakó László - Domus senior researcher mobility scholarship at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Control Engineering and Information Technology, funded by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, for six weeks in 2013.
11. Design and implementation of real-time embedded systems with architectural adaptability, Project manager – dr. Bakó László, Institute of Research Programmes of the Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, 2013.
12. Hardware implemented artificial neural networks for object detection and avoidance in blind traffic, Project manager – dr. Brassai Sándor Tihamér, financed under the Sectoral Operational Programme Human Resources Development 2007 POSDRU/89/1.5/S/63663

• Research mobility to the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Department of Control Eng. and Inf. Technology, Budapest, Magyar tudósok körútja 2., H-1117, HungaryWeb: http://www.iit.bme.hu, Tel: +36-1463-2353, Fax: +36-1463-2204), External stage coordinator Péter Arató

13. Real-time classification of datasets with hardware embedded neuromorphic neural networks, Project manager – dr. Bakó László, The National University Research Council - CNCSIS-UEFISCSU (TD grant), 2008-2009.
14. Implementation neuro-adaptive systems on reconfigurable circuits, Project manager - dr. Brassai S. Tihamér, Research Institute of the Sapientia Foundation, 2008-2009.
15. Implementation of delay-coded neural networks, based on hybrid RBF-Spiking models, applied in dataset classifications, Project manager – dr. Bakó László, EuroTrans Foundation, 2008.
16. Intelligent methods for the digital processing and Wavelet-based analysis of EKG signals, Project manager - Prof. dr. ing. Iuliu Székely, Research Institute of the Sapientia Foundation, 2005-2006.
17. Optimization of Hardware-implemented Spiking Artificial Neural Networks and Their Use in Control Applications, Project manager - Prof. dr. ing. Iuliu Székely, Research Institute of the Sapientia Foundation, 2004-2005.
18. Simulation and application of Spiking Artificial neural networks, Project manager - Prof. dr. ing. Iuliu Székely, Research Institute of the Sapientia Foundation, 2003-2004.
19. Modeling and simulation of neuromorphic artificial neuronal networks, Project manager - Prof. dr. ing. Iuliu Székely, Research Institute of the Sapientia Foundation, 2002-2003.

Publications

1. Brassai, S. T., Szántó, N., Bajka, A., Bárdi, O., Németh, A., & Hammas, A. (2024, May). Simulation Environment Implementation for Generation of Training Samples. In 2024 25th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
2. Brassai, S. T., Ambarus, R. B., Hammas, A., & Németh, A. (2024, May). Experiments on Detecting and Monitoring Objects based on Thermal Imaging. In 2024 25th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
3. Krasnyánszki, Brúnó, Sándor Tihamér Brassai, and András Németh. "UAV weaknesses against deauthentication based hijacking attacks." 2024 IEEE 22nd World Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics (SAMI). IEEE, 2024
4. Brassai, S. T., Németh, A., Hammas, A., & Sagyebó, I. D. (2023, June). Comparation of Rotational Deep Learning based Methods. In 2023 24th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC) (pp. 65-70). IEEE.
5. Hammas, Attila, Sádor Tihamér Brassai, András Németh, and Szabolcs László Gábor. "Training YOLO v4 on DOTA dataset." In 2023 IEEE 21st World Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics (SAMI), pp. 000109-000114. IEEE, 2023.
6. Brassai, Sándor Tihamér, András Németh, Attila Hammas, and Szabolcs László Gábor. "Deep learning based object detection for agricultural machinery." In 2022 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics and 8th IEEE International Conference on Recent Achievements in Mechatronics, Automation, Computer Science and Robotics (CINTI-MACRo), pp. 000089-000094. IEEE, 2022.
7. Brassai, Sándor Tihamér, Attila Hammas, and Balázs Bustya. "Framework for neural network hardware implementation." 2022 23rd International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC). IEEE, 2022.
8. Brassai, Sándor Tihamér, and Attila Kovács. "Intelligent agent based low level control of complex robotic systems." 2021 IEEE 25th International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems (INES). IEEE, 2021.
9. Sándor Tihamér Brassai, István Zsolt Székely, Radio Frequency (RF)-based, Real-Time, Indoor Localization System for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Mobile Robot Applications, Acta Polytechnica Hungarica, vol 19 (9), pp. 19-40, 2020
10. BAKÓ, G. Csernáth, L. Turos, I. Kiss and B. Csenteri, "Testing and analysis of battery wear characteristics," 2019 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics and 7th IEEE International Conference on Recent Achievements in Mechatronics, Automation, Computer Sciences and Robotics (CINTI-MACRo), Szeged, Hungary, 2019, pp. 000099-000104, doi: 10.1109/CINTI-MACRo49179.2019.9105178.
11. BAKÓ LÁSZLÓ, “SoC áramkörök alkalmazása a számítógép architektúrák oktatásában”, Enelko-SzámOkt 2019, Timisoara, EMT Cluj-Napoca, 2019.
12. Székely, István Zsolt, and Sándor Tihamér Brassai. "Quadcopter control implemented on FPGA." 2019 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics and 7th IEEE International Conference on Recent Achievements in Mechatronics, Automation, Computer Sciences and Robotics (CINTI-MACRo). IEEE, 2019.
13. Péter Pap and Sándor Tihamér. Brassai, Design and Implementation of Automated Phototherapy System, 2018 19th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC), Szilvasvarad, 2018, pp. 271-276, doi: 10.1109/CarpathianCC.2018.8399640, WOS, Proceedings Paper
14. Róbert Moni, László Bakó, Szabolcs Hajdú, Fearghal Morgan and Sándor Tihamér Brassai, Embedded Real-time Implementation of a Computational Efficient Optical Flow Extraction Method for Intelligent Robot Control Applications, 24th Irish Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science, University College Dublin, September 20-21, 2016, CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Vol. 1751, pp. 116-127.
15. Bakó László, Hajdu Szabolcs, Brassai Sándor-Tihamér, Morgan Fearghal, Enachescu Calin, Embedded Implementation of a Real-Time Motion Estimation Method in Video Sequences, Elsevier, Procedia Technology, Vol. 2016, No 22, 2016, ISSN 2212-0173, pp. 897, Elsevier
16. Szabolcs Hajdu, Tihamer S. Brassai, Iuliu Szekely, Complementary Filter Based Sensor Fusion on FPGA Platforms, International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM 2017) & 2017 International Aegean Conference on Electrical Machines and Power Electronics (ACEMP 2017), 2017, ISBN: 978-1-5090-4490-0 pp. 851-856
17. Tămas Tibor, Hajdú Sabolcs, Brassai Sándor Tihamér, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Structure Based Control Architecture, Procedia Technology, No 22, 2016, ISSN 2212-0173, pp. 600-605, Science Direct, Elsevier
18. Bakó, L., Real-time classification of datasets with hardware embedded neuromorphic neural networks, Briefings in Bioinformatics, Special Issue: Parallel and Ubiquitous Methods and Tools in Systems Biology: May 2010; Vol. 11, No. 3, p348-363, doi: 10.1093/bib/bbp066, Oxford University Press (Impact Factor: 7.329)
19. Szekely,I., Turos,L., Hegyi,I., Csernath,G., “SEPIC Based Solar Array Simulator”. Acta Electrotehnica, Cluj Napoca, vol (55),nr. 4, 2014, pp. .... ISSN 2344-5637 (accepted). http://catalog.viniti.ru/si.asp
20. Turos,L., Csernat,G., Szekely,I., Practical synthesis of various control methods for digitally adjustable DC-DC converters. Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment OPTIM 2014, Brasov, May 22-24, pp.519 – 525, ISBN 978-1-4799-5183-3/14.
21. Turos,L., Csernat,G., Szekely,I., Energy efficient output regulation with adaptive behaviour in a DCDC UPS. The 7th International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering, INTER-ENG 2013, 10-11 October 2013, Tirgu Mures,. Elsevier, Procedia Technology, PROTCY1222, Procedia Technology (2014), pp. 34 - 41, 15-JAN-2014, ISSN: 2212-0173.
22. Danciu,G., Szekely,I., Genetic algorithm for depth image in RGB-D cameras. In IEEE 20th International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging, (SIITME), Bucharest, 2014, Oct. 23-26, pp. 233-238, IEEE Catalog Number: CFP1407I-ART, ISBN: 978-1-4799-6962-3.
23. Turos,L., Csernath,G., György,K., Szekely,I., Offline Battery Pack Model Optimization. In EPE 2014 - 8th Edition, International Conference and Exposition on Electrical and Power Engineering, Iaşi, 16-18 Oct. 2014, ISBN 978-1-4799-5848-1, IEEE Catalog Number CFP1447S-USB
24. Turos,L., Csernáth,G., Szekely,I., EMI reduction techniques in digitally controllable power supplies. In: 8th International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering, INTER-ENG 2014, 9-10 October 2014, Tirgu Mures, Romania.
25. Brassai, S.T., Bakó, L., Hardware Implementation of CMAC Type Neural Network on FPGA for Command Surface Approximation, Acta Polytechnica Hungarica - Journal of Applied Sciences at Budapest Tech Hungary, Vol. 4, No. 3, 2007, pp. 5-16, ISSN 17858860, MATARKA, IEEE.
26. Brassai, S.T., FPGA based hardware implementation of a self-organizing map, Intelligent Engineering Systems (INES), 2014 18th International Conference on , Tihany, Hungary,  Publisher: IEEE, pp. 101-104, 3-5 July 2014, DOI:10.1109/INES.2014.6909349
27. Bakó L., Brassai, S.T., “ Embedded neural controllers based on spiking neuron models,”, Pollack Periodica , An International Journal for Engineering and Information Sciences, DOI: 10.1556/Pollack.4.2009.3.13, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 143–154 (December 2009), Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary, ISSN 1788-3911, SJR — SCImago Journal & Country Rank: 0,031.
28. Brassai, S.T., Bakó L., “Visual Trajectory Control of a Mobile Robot Using FPGA Implemented Neural Network”, Pollack Periodica, An International Journal for Engineering and Information Sciences, Pollack.4.2009.3.12, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 129–142 (Dec.2009), Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary, ISSN 1788-3911, SJR-SCImago Journal & Country Rank: 0,031.
29. Bakó, L., Brassai, S.T., Spiking neural networks built into FPGAs: Fully parallel implementations,WSEAS Transactions on Circuits and Systems, Issue 3, Volume 5, March 2006, pp346-353, ISSN 1109-2734, British Library Direct, SJR-SCImago Journal & Country Rank: 0,033.
30. Bakó, L., Brassai, S.T., Losonczi L., Márton, L.F., “Evolving advanced neural networks on run-time reconfigurable digital hardware platform.”, In Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Adaptive Self-Tuning Computing Systems (ADAPT'13 - January 21-23, 2013, Berlin, Germany), ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2013, Article 3, 3 pages. DOI=10.1145/2484904.2484907, http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2484904.2484907
31. Bakó, L.; Brassai, S.; Kolcsar, A.; Losonczi, L.; Marton, L., „Neuromorphic Neural Network Parallelization on CUDA Compatible GPU for EEG Signal Classification”, IEEE Computer Modeling and Simulation (EMS), 2012 Sixth UKSim/AMSS European Symposium on, Valetta, Malta, 14-16 Nov. 2012, pp.359-364, ISBN 978-1-4673-4977-2, DOI 10.1109/EMS.2012.87. (IEEExplore)
32. Brassai, S.T., Bakó, L., Losonczi L., Márton, L.F., “Parallel pipeline solution for hardware implementation of artificial neural networks with in circuit real time weight update”, 8th International Conference on High-Performance and Embedded Architectures and Compilers (HiPEAC), 2nd Workshop on Design Tools and Architectures for Multi-Core Embedded Computing Platforms (DITAM’13), January 21-23, 2013, Berlin, Germany.
33. Bakó, L., Brassai, S.T., Losonczi L., Márton, L.F., “Multiple processor core systems on FPGA circuits implementing bio-inspired neural networks for classification tasks”, 8th International Conference on High-Performance and Embedded Architectures and Compilers (HiPEAC), 2nd Workshop on Design Tools and Architectures for Multi-Core Embedded Computing Platforms (DITAM’13), January 21-23, 2013, Berlin, Germany.
34. Brassai, S.T.; Enachescu, C.; Losonczi, L. , Marton L.F., „FPGA based embedded support for mobile robot sonar based navigation”, System Theory, Control and Computing (ICSTCC), 2012 16th International Conference on FPGA based embedded support for mobile robot sonar based navigation, pp. 1-6, 2012, ISBN: 978-1-4673-4534-7
35. Brassai, S.T., Enachescu, C., Losonczi, L., „RBF network for mobile robot sonar based localization and environment modeling”, Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM), 2012 13th International Conference on, ISSN 1842-0133, ISSN : 1842-0133, E-ISBN:  978-1-4673-1652-1,Print ISBN: 978-1-4673-1650-7, INSPEC Accession Number: 12849356, DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM.2012.6231939,
36. Brassai, S.T., Iantovics, B., Enachescu, C., „Optimization of Robotic Mobile Agent Navigation”, Studies in Informatics and Control, ISSN 1220-1766, vol. 21 (4), pp. 403-412, 2012.
37. Brassai, S.T., Bakó, L., Székely, I., Dan, Ş., ”Neural Control Based on RBF Network implemented on FPGA” Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM ’08) , ISBN 978-973-131-032-9, pp41-46, Trasilvania University of Brasov, Braşov, 2008
38. Csernáth, G., Csenteri, B., Asztalos, A., Brassai, S.T., Székely, I., „Driving QVGA and WQVGA LCD panels with 30fps live video stream using HS USB”. Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium for Design and Tewchnology of Electronic Packages SIITME ’08, Transilvania University of Brasov 2008 – ISSN 1843-5122
39. Brassai, S.T., Gidró, L., Bakó, L., Csernáth, G., „Practical implementation of an embedded intelligent control system”. Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium for Design and Tewchnology of Electronic Packages SIITME ’08 – Transilvania University of Brasov 2008 – ISSN 1843-5122
40. Csernáth, G., Székely, I., „Opto isolated CAN bridges to create subnetworks in CAN based automated systems” Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment OPTIM ’04 – Vol. IV: Applied Electronics, Electrical Engineering Education – Transilvania University of Brasov 2004 – ISBN 973-635-289-7
41. Alexandru, M., Romanca, M., Csernáth, G. „Indoor location sensing and tracking – experiment supported comparison of Bluetooth and wireless technologies” Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronical Equipment OPTIM ’04 – Vol. IV: Applied Electronics, Electrical Engineering Education – Transilvania University of Brasov 2004 – ISBN 973-635-289-7
42. Csernáth, G., Székely, I., „A flexible address-based CAN communication protocol and opto-isolated CAN bridge topology for building automation systems” Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov – VOL.10(45) – New Series – Transilvania University Press 2003 – ISSN 1223-9631
43. Csernáth, G., Alexandru, M., „Building automation and power management system based on Bluetooth RF communications” Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment OPTIM ’02 – Vol. III: Electronics and Computers, Electrical Engineering Education – Transilvania University of Brasov 2002 – ISBN 973-635-015-0